Ophthalmology is a branch of medicine specializing in the anatomy, function and diseases of the eye. The word has its roots in the Greek language—"ophthalmos" meaning "eye" and "logos" meaning "word"; ophthalmology means "The science of eyes."

Like optometrists (Doctors of Optometry), ophthalmologists prescribe glasses and contact lenses. However, ophthalmologists undergo additional training and are actually MDs—medical doctors who perform delicate eye surgery. Many of the region's optometrists refer patients to Dr. Betz when there's a need for advanced diagnosis and treatment.

After four years of medical school and a year of internship, every ophthalmologist spends a minimum of three years of residency (hospital-based training). During residency, the eye MD receives special training in all aspects of eye care, including prevention, diagnosis, and medical and surgical treatment of eye conditions and diseases. An ophthalmologist may spend an additional year or two in training in a subspecialty. Most (including Dr. Betz) become board certified by passing a rigorous two-part examination given by the American Board of Ophthalmology.